Wildlife in Ethiopia: Endemic Large Mammals

This study documented species riches of endemic large mammals and their biogeography, conservation status and threats in Ethiopia. Overall there are 280 mammalian species and subspecies 31 are endemic. Out of this, 12 of them are endemic large mammals, namely Canis simensis, Theropithecus gelada gelada, Theropithecus gelada obscurus, Capra walie, Capra ibex, Capra nubiana, Eurus assinus africanus, Equus assinus somalensis, Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei, Tragelaphus baxtoni, Tragelaphus scriptus meneliki, Loxodonta africana knochenhaui and Panthera leo abyssincum. Regarding the conservation status of these animals Equus assinus africanus and Panthera leo abyssincum were extinct in wild another 2 Theropithecus gelada gelada and Tragelaphus baxtoni fall in presently least concern the rest 8 were in endangered category. Wildlife populations in Ethiopia are under continuous threat, despite the presence of parks and protected areas, over the past several decades, deforestation, farm expansion, draught and illegal hunting were widespread and they were ranked in order of severity from most severe to lesser threats. It is recommended that community based wildlife conservation is an important solution. However, for self sustaining ecosystem benefiting the people around the park although important, the ultimate goal should be to educate them.